Pathology Question-11

A 37-year-old woman visits her primary care
physician after developing jaundice and scleral
icterus. She is diagnosed with paroxysmal nocturnal
hemoglobinuria. Which of the following
metabolites would you expect to be increased in
... her urine?
(A) bile
(B) conjugated bilirubin
(C) stercobilin
(D) unconjugated bilirubin
(E) urobilinogen

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Pathology Questions-9

9. A 28-year-old recently divorced man with no
significant past medical history presents to
the emergency room with progressive lower
abdominal pain and cramping over the past
4 days, both of which are relieved by defecation.
He has suffered from substantial bloody
and mucoid diarrhea during this time. His
temperature is 102.8°F. Laboratory studies
reveal an elevated white blood cell (WBC)
count and a high erythrocyte sedimentation
rate. Sigmoidoscopy reveals extensive rectal
and sigmoid hyperemia and edema, numerous
superficial ulcerations, and small focal
mucosal hemorrhages, many of which have
suppurative centers. Significant intestinal narrowing
is seen in the distal transverse colon.
These findings most likely suggest a diagnosis
of which of the following?
(A) amebic colitis
(B) collagenous colitis
(C) cytomegalovirus enterocolitis
(D) pseudomembranous colitis
(E) ulcerative colitis

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Pathology Questions-8

8. A 57-year-old woman had her last menstrual
period at the age of 46. However, for the past 4
months she has experienced intermittent vaginal
hemorrhage. A right ovarian mass is identified.
Which of the following is the most likely
diagnosis?
(A) arrhenoblastoma
(B) Brenner tumor
(C) dysgerminoma
(D) granulosa cell tumor
(E) Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor
(F) teratoma

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Pathology Questions-7

7. A 14-year-old boy is referred to you for nasal
obstruction and frequent nosebleeds. Which of
the following is the most likely diagnosis?
(A) inverted papilloma
(B) juvenile angiofibroma
(C) nasal polyps
(D) nasopharyngeal carcinoma
(E) wegener granulomatosis

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Pathology Questions-6

A50-year-old woman complains of a lump in
her thyroid gland. Fine-needle aspiration of
this lump is reported as medullary carcinoma.
A test of her serum would most likely
reveal an increased level of which of the
following?
(A) alpha-Fetoprotein
(B) cancer antigen (CA) 125
(C) CA 15–3
(D) calcitonin
(E) human chorionic gonadotropin

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Pathology Questions-4

4. A 2-day-old male infant has not passed any
meconium and is now developing signs of
obstruction. Examination of the colon would
reveal which of the following abnormalities?
(A) absence of parasympathetic ganglion
cells in the submucosal and myenteric
plexus
(B) absence of the nerve fibers that innervate
the wall
(C) atrophy of the mucosal lining of the
wall
(D) hypertrophy of the muscle coat of the
wall
(E) presence of multiple small polyps along
the mucosal surface

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Pathology Questions-3

A 67-year-old woman presents with a 4-week
history of headaches, facial pain, blurred
vision, and intense pain and stiffness in her
shoulders and hips. She is diagnosed with a
vasculitis, and a biopsy of an affected artery is
taken. Histological examination is most likely
to reveal which of the following characteristic
findings?
(A) concentric “onion skin” thickening and
fibrosis
(B) extensive intra- and extravascular granulomatous
inflammation
(C) fragmentation of the internal elastic
lamina with giant cells
(D) hyaline arteriolosclerosis and luminal
narrowing
(E) segmental fibrinoid necrosis and neutrophil
infiltration

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Pathology Questions-1

2. A 67-year-old retiree was employed for many
years in the plastics industry where he was
exposed to vinyl chloride. This industrial exposure
has increased his likelihood of developing
which of the following?
(A) focal nodular hyperplasia
(B) hepatic adenoma
(C) hepatic angiosarcoma
(D) hepatic fibroma
(E) hepatocellular carcinoma

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Pathology Questions-2

A 62-year-old woman has had atrial fibrillation
since experiencing a myocardial infarction
(MI) 7 months prior. Two weeks ago she was
hospitalized following a car accident in which
she suffered a compound fracture of her left
femur and several severe contusions. She now
returns to the emergency room with right flank
pain, hematuria, and left-sided paralysis. These
newly developing problems are most likely the
result of which of the following?
(A) air embolism from the compound
fracture
(B) bone marrow embolus from the fractured
femur
(C) fat embolism from the fractured femur
(D) systemic thromboemboli from the left
atrium
(E) venous thromboemboli from the deep
leg veins

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